Wood questions:
Can you explain to me exactly what Maple sounds like compared to Mahogany, or Purpleheart, or Ebony compared to Rosewood etc. etc.?
I get asked many questions about wood and it's relation to tone...
People most often want to know what a particular wood species sounds like.
Unfortunately these types of questions are very difficult to answer.
I mean it requires a vocabulary similar to that used in wine tasting, just to describe it!
I.E. warmth, snap, muddy, brite, thin, presence, woody, airy, etc. etc...
So what does any piece of wood sound like?
To answer this, we need to ask each piece of wood!
Seriously; every piece of wood I decide to use for an instrument, is first tested for tone response by placing tuning fork to all sides and ends of the wood along with tapping the wood and listening to it's tone.
I listen to each piece of wood and I decide which side will carry tone better.
This sounds a bit odd but some cuts of wood will actually carry tone better on one side compared to the other side.
So if one side sounds better, and if it's a body blank, then the "sweet side" becomes the top.
Or if it's going to be neck wood, then the fingerboard is placed on the "sweet side".
Some wood sounds the same on both sides so it all depends on the piece.
I believe that these "tone tests" MUST be done on each piece of wood used for an instrument because even in the same species of wood the tone will vary greatly.
Some Mahogany's will be "brighter" (more highs) with a bit more "snap" (upper mid's) then others.
For example: a light weight piece of the same size will be warmer (lower mids) and often more resonant (louder) then a darker heavier piece of Mahogany.
However, these are just generalized guidelines to go by; as each piece has it's own unique tone in ALL species of wood.
So because of this, when I compose an instrument, I start by considering the wood tones first, then I build an instrument based on the tone the individual wood components will have as a whole.
For example: if I want a warm sounding guitar with a well balanced snappy midrange and just enough highs to add excellent definition, I will start with a very airy light weight body wood such as a nice aged light weight piece of mahogany.
Then, to bring out a nice upper mid range snap, I prefer a well figured maple top plate (bird's eye, flame, quilt, etc), different figures or no figure will play a huge part in maple tone, so this is always considered.
Now depending on the tone of the body with the top glued in place, I will then make a choice of neck woods.
So if a body is still a bit in the lower mid range tone, then I might prefer a maple neck.
The type (grain, cut, figure) of maple neck wood I choose will depend on the tone of the body.
If I want more "snap" (or high mid's) then I want a harder tighter or heavier maple so perhaps a quartered tight flame or even no figure at all, it all depends on the mid range tone I'm looking for.
Once a neck wood is established, then I look for a finger board wood.
This again depends upon the body wood, top wood, and now the neck wood combined.
You should also keep in mind that larger frets as well as stainless steel frets will produce a bit more highs;
so if this is a concern, then perhaps a "darker toned wood" such as Bocote or Goncolo Alves would be a preferred choice.
{although I personally -really- love the 8kHz to 20kHz tone that the stainless frets bring out of an instruments strings, just as long as it is -balanced out- with nice warm, punchy mid ranged body and/or neck woods}.
If I want even more "snap" and I am satisfied with the briteness (highs), then I will add a maple fingerboard or maybe if I want just a bit more highs, I can add a Purpleheart finger board or even an Ebony, even certain varieties of rosewood species as well have more highs then others.
Again it's NOT just dependent on the species, but rather the individual tone of each unique piece wood that must be considered before each instrument is assembled.
Because of space I can't go into adhesive tone, hardware tone, and finish tone, but all these are considered, when building an instrument as well.
So with each piece, not only is the tone examined for tonal superiority but the grain, stability, and moisture content are also carefully examined before any specimen gets cut out into the neck, body, top, and finger board blank
I noticed you say that only certain species of wood can be used for certain parts of an instrument:
For example: Macassar ebony should only be used as fingerboard and ornamental wood, but never as a top back or neck wood..
My question is: Can I use these woods as a top or back or even a body or neck wood even if they are not recommended on your site for that use?
(after all, I have seen other builders do this, and it looks incredible!)
TK: I have experimented many times over the years with all sorts of woods.
And one of the most important things I have learned in building instruments for well over half my life now, is it's VERY important to try to avoid choosing wood based on it's appearance.
I have made some beautiful instruments in my life that sounded terrible because I just had no experience in wood/tone composition at that time.
Now I use tuning forks as well as tap tone testing on wood before I even begin placing the tonewoods together for an instrument.
For example: Macassar ebony is a very hard dense wood that is best used on fingerboards...
If you were to use it as a top, it would "look" stunning, but the sound would be degrading to the overall resonance as well as the body midrange tones.
I'm not asking you to take my word for this; get yourself a nice tuning fork and head over to any exotic wood store and try it your self.
(it's actually a very educational and even fun experiment!)
These woods (Ebonies Rosewoods and other very dense woods) are best used as fingerboards (because of their hardness and ability to add sustain) but they are not a good idea to be used as tops because the overall surface mass is just too much for a top.
So because I am putting my name (The TK Logo) on these instruments I really want them to sound incredible because it's my name that's at stake here.
I think in the end (if you are a real musician and not just a "guitar collector") that you will agree that tone matters far more than looks...
To help you more with this: the following Wood list will show what woods ( often available on my site) should be used for:
Standard Tonewoods:
Honduran or African Mahogany (used for body, neck, and top and back body plates only)
Ash [hard and soft] (for body and/or top and back body plates only)
Alder (for body and top and back body plates only)
Maple {Non figured} (for neck, fingerboard, top and back body plates only)
Paulownia (amazing body wood)
Redwood (excellent top, back, and body wood)
EXOTIC Tonewoods:
Birds Eye Maple (for neck, fingerboard, *ornamental, top and back body plates only)
Quilt Maple (for *ornamental, top and back body plates only)
Flame Maple (for neck, *ornamental, top and back body plates only)
Spalted/Figured Maple (*ornamental, top and back body plates only)
Various Ebony types, (thin tops, finger board and *ornamental only)
Purpleheart (fingerboard and *ornamental only)
Various Rosewood types (thin tops, fingerboard and ornamental only)
Bocote (fingerboard and *ornamental only)
Cocobolo (thin tops, fingerboard and *ornamental only)
Black or White Limba (excellent top, back, and body wood)
* What are "ornamental" woods?
These are woods that are often used as decorative enhancements on an instrument.
Examples are: pinstripes, tapered center stripes (as seen on the tops and backs of the Hollow model instruments), truss rod covers, control covers, tremolo covers, fingerboard binding, etc. etc...
I usually choose these woods to be figured and/or colorful.
Any wood that happens to be available, can be used as ornamental wood, because ornamental woods really have no effect on the tone.
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